Reading Mode - Nursing Licences Model Test-01

1. What helps reduce pre-surgical anxiety?

a) Preoperative teaching

b) Preoperative checklist

c) Psychological counseling

d) Preoperative medication

Answer: Preoperative teaching

Explanation: Educating patients about what to expect before surgery empowers them, which significantly lowers stress and improves pain tolerance.

2. Which disease decrease the metabolic rate?

a) Cancer

b) Hypothyroidism

c) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

d) Cardiac failure

Answer: Hypothyroidism

Explanation: Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism; a deficiency (hypothyroidism) results in a slower metabolic rate and reduced energy levels.

3. When caring for an infant during cardiac arrest, which pulse must be palpated?

a) Carotid

b) Brachial

c) Pedal

d) Radial

Answer: Brachial

Explanation: The brachial pulse in the upper arm is the standard site for checking an infant's heart function due to their short, thick necks.

4. What is the ultimate purpose and goal of performance activities- improvement?

a) To increase efficiency

b) To contain costs

c) To improve processes

d) To improve policies

Answer: To improve processes

Explanation: Quality improvement focuses on refining clinical workflows and processes to ensure better and safer patient outcomes.

5. Which electrolyte is essential for enzyme and neurochemical activities?

a) Chloride

b) Magnesium

c) Potassium

d) Phosphate

Answer: Magnesium

Explanation: Magnesium is a critical cofactor for over 300 enzyme systems and is vital for nerve transmission and muscle contraction.

6. Which of the following is the world health organization's definition of health?

a) The absence of all illness and disease

b) The absence of any comorbidities

c) A physical state of wellbeing

d) Use of health promotion activities

Answer: A physical state of wellbeing

Explanation: The WHO defines health broadly as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease.

7. Which nursing theorist believes that most patients are performing self care- capable of?

a) Dorothea Orem'S

b) Madeleine Leininger

c) Marthe Rogers

d) Sister Callista Roy

Answer: Dorothea Orem'S

Explanation: Orem’s "Self-Care Deficit" theory centers on the idea that individuals should be encouraged to perform their own care whenever possible.

8. Which of the following is the best worded excepted outcome of social case?

a) "the nurse will provide for adequate hydration"

b) "the nurse will insure that the patient is safe"

c) The patient will cough and deep breath every two hours

d) "the patient will value health"

Answer: The patient will cough and deep breath every two hours

Explanation: A proper nursing outcome must be specific, measurable, and patient-centered, such as performing a specific breathing exercise.

9. The embryonic period during pregnancy takes place from-

a) Weeks 1-2

b) Weeks 3-8

c) Weeks 8-10

d) Weeks 10-12

Answer: Weeks 3-8

Explanation: This is the critical developmental stage where all major internal and external organ systems are formed.

10. During which week does the fetal heart begin pumping Its own blood?

a) 3rd week

b) 5th week

c) 9th week

d) 6th week

Answer: 3rd week

Explanation: The heart is the first functional organ to develop, starting to pump early in the first trimester.

11. Which of the following is the vector of infection?

a) A contaminated ball

b) A contaminated thermometer

c) An infected person

d) An infectious fly

Answer: An infectious fly

Explanation: A vector is a living organism (like an insect) that carries a pathogen from one host to another.

12. If you suspect another nurse is abusing a patient, what is the first thing you do?

a) Nothing (uncertainty)

b) Nothing (only suspicion)

c) Call the police

d) Report your suspicions to the charge nurse

Answer: Report your suspicions to the charge nurse

Explanation: Immediate reporting through the proper chain of command is the ethical and legal requirement to ensure patient safety.

13. How many bones make up a newborn's skull?

a) 8.8

b) 4

c) 6

d) 5

Answer: 5

Explanation: A newborn’s skull consists of 5 main bones (frontal, parietal, and occipital) joined by soft spots called fontanelles.

14. How many US minims are contained in 1 milliliter?

a) 10-11

b) 12-13

c) 14-15

d) 16-17

Answer: 16-17

Explanation: This is a standard pharmaceutical conversion where 1 mL is approximately equal to 16.23 minims.

15. Which of the following is considered as the most important aspect of hand washing?

a) Soap

b) Water

c) Friction

d) Time

Answer: Friction

Explanation: Mechanical friction is the primary force that physically removes microorganisms and dirt from the skin's surface.

16. The stages of infection in correct sequential order are-

a) Prodromal, incubation, illness, convalescence

b) Incubation, prodromal, illness, convalescence

c) Prodromal, primary, secondary, tertiary

d) Inflammation, infection, immunity

Answer: Incubation, prodromal, illness, convalescence

Explanation: Infection begins with incubation (no symptoms), followed by prodromal (vague symptoms), full illness, and then recovery

17. Rh negative maternal blood indicates-

a) Incompatibility in blood

b) Antibodies in mother's blood attacking baby's blood

c) Mother needs transfusion

d) Mother lacks a specific marker on RBC

Answer: Antibodies in mother's blood attacking baby's blood

Explanation: If an Rh- mother is sensitized to Rh+ blood, her immune system creates antibodies that can target the fetal red blood cells.

18. Which type of cancer has the poorest prognosis?

a) Squamous cell carcinoma

b) Breast cancer

c) Pancreatic cancer

d) Gastric cancer

Answer: Pancreatic cancer

Explanation: Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed at a late stage and is highly aggressive, resulting in a lower survival rate

19. The normal sodium level in the body-

a) 135-145 milliequivalents

b) 3-5 miliequivalents

c) 135-145 microequivalents

d) 3-5 microequivalents

Answer: 135-145 milliequivalents

Explanation: Maintaining sodium within this range is essential for fluid balance, blood pressure regulation, and nerve function.

20. Which type of practice is most similar to research based practice-

a) Best practices

b) Evidence based practice

c) Benchmark practices

d) Standard based practices

Answer: Evidence based practice

Explanation: Evidence-based practice integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient values.

21. You are caring for a patient with multiple-trauma; which injury is most serious?

a) A deviated trachea

b) Gross deformity of a lower extremity

c) Hematuria

d) Decreased bowel sounds

Answer: A deviated trachea

Explanation: A deviated trachea is a sign of a tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening emergency that collapses the lung and heart.

22. Which statement about appendicitis is accurate and true?

a) More common in females

b) Low fiber diet is a risk factor

c) LLQ pain is suggestive

d) Mc Burney's point tenderness is initial suggestive

Answer: Mc Burney's point tenderness is initial suggestive

Explanation: Tenderness at McBurney's point (in the right lower quadrant) is a classic clinical indicator of inflammation of the appendix.

23. Which skin disorder closely resembles and mimies dandruff?

a) Lice infestation

b) Scabies

c) Seborrheic dermatitis

d) Aene vulgaris

Answer: Seborrheic dermatitis

Explanation: Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic skin condition that causes flaky, white-to-yellowish scales, commonly on the scalp.

24. Low birth weight is defined as a newborn's weight of-

a) 2499 grams or less

b) 3000 grams or less

c) 3500 grams or less

d) 3550 grams or less

Answer: 2499 grams or less

Explanation: WHO defines Low Birth Weight (LBW) as less than 2,500 grams (approx. 5.5 lbs) regardless of when the baby was born.

25. Florence Nightingale's focus in the Crimean War was-

a) Writing care plans

b) Mental health

c) Clean environment

d) Upgrading education

Answer: Clean environment

Explanation: Nightingale realized that improving sanitation and hygiene significantly reduced infection and death rates among soldiers.

26. Select the stage of viral hepatitis paired with its characteristics-

a) Prodromal stage: Jaundice begins

b) Icteric stage: flu like symptoms occur

c) Preiceteric stage: elevated urine bilirubin levels

d) Posticteric stage: Jaundice occurs

Answer: Preiceteric stage: elevated urine bilirubin levels

Explanation: The preicteric stage occurs before jaundice appears and is marked by high levels of bilirubin in the urine.

27. Which factor predisposing a client to placenta previa?

a) Multiple gestation

b) Uterine anomalies

c) Abdominal trauma

d) Renal or vascular disease

Answer: Uterine anomalies

Explanation: Scarring or anomalies in the uterus can cause the placenta to attach in the lower segment, covering the cervix.

28. Alcohol, caffeine, or drugs fall under which classification of risk factors-

a) Social demographic

b) Environmental

c) Biophysical

d) Psychological

Answer: Psychological

Explanation: Substance use and behavioral choices related to stress or coping are classified as psychological/behavioral risk factors.

29. Immediately before expulsion of the fetus, which cardinal movement occurs-

a) Descent

b) Flexion

c) Extension

d) Internal rotation

Answer: Extension

Explanation: Extension occurs as the baby's head passes under the pubic bone and is delivered.

30. Which atrioventricular heart block is also referred to as Mobitz II-

a) Third degree

b) Second-degree

c) First-degree

d) Completed heart block

Answer: Second-degree

Explanation: Mobitz II is a specific type of second-degree heart block where some electrical signals fail to reach the ventricles.

31. Which patient is at greatest risk for papilledema-

a) Elderly with cataracts

b) Male with hypothyroidism

c) Male with hyperthyroidism

d) Adolescent with a closed head injury

Answer: Adolescent with a closed head injury

Explanation: Closed head injuries can cause increased intracranial pressure, which results in swelling of the optic disc (papilledema).

32. Which amount of blood loss following birth marks the criterion for postpartum hemorrhage?

a) More than 200 ml

b) More than 300 ml

c) More than 400 ml

d) More than 500 ml

Answer: More than 500 ml

Explanation: Losing more than 500 ml of blood after a vaginal delivery is the threshold for diagnosing potentially fatal PPH.

33. . Select the stage of pressure ulcer paired with its characteristics-

a) Stage II: epidermis/dermis damaged

b) Stage III: wound has slough/eschar

c) Stage IV: loss of skin exposes fat

d) All are correct

Answer: All are correct

Explanation: These descriptions accurately reflect the progressive depth and tissue loss involved in the four stages of pressure ulcers.

34. Which of the following is a hazard of Immobility?

a) Lens of home calcium

b) Increased vital capacity

c) Venous vasoconstriction

d) A positive nitrogen balance

Answer: Venous vasoconstriction

Explanation: Lack of movement leads to blood pooling in the veins (venous stasis) and restricted vessel function, increasing blood clot risk.

35. How many daily feedings are considered normal for a newborn-

a) 2-3

b) 4-5

c) 6-7

d) 8-12

Answer: 8-12

Explanation: Newborns have small stomachs and need frequent feedings, usually every 2 to 4 hours.

36. The hormone produces mother's milk is-

a) Estrogen

b) Progesteron

c) Prolactin

d) Colostrum

Answer: Prolactin

Explanation: Prolactin is secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate milk production in the mammary glands after birth.

37. Which is a life threatening acute complication of Diabetes mellitus-

a) Neuropathy

b) Hypoglycemia

c) Retinopathy

d) Impaired microcirculation

Answer: Hypoglycemia

Explanation: Extremely low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can lead to immediate coma or death if not treated instantly with glucose.

38. Sutures and staples are typically removed following surgery within-

a) 7-10 days

b) 10-14 days

c) 03-04 weeks

d) 05-06 weeks

Answer: 7-10 days

Explanation: Most surgical wounds have enough tensile strength after 7 to 10 days to allow for the removal of external closures.

39. Which is best for a client who has difficulty swallowing and chokes frequently-

a) A liquid diet

b) Tilting the head back

c) Tucking the chin when swallowing

d) Following each bite with a drink of water

Answer: Tucking the chin when swallowing

Explanation: Tucking the chin helps close off the airway and prevents food from entering the lungs (aspiration).

40. How long a women can lactate for-

a) Up to 06 months

b) 10-12 months

c) 18-24 months

d) 30-36 months

Answer: 18-24 months

Explanation: While exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for 6 months, women can continue to lactate for 2 years or longer.

41. Select the cranial nerve accurately paired with its name-

a) 1st: trochlear

b) 12th: hypoglossal

c) 10th: olfactory

d) 13th: auditory

Answer: 12th: hypoglossal

Explanation: The 12th cranial nerve controls the muscles of the tongue.

42. An episiotomy is-

a) A surgical incision to prevent tearing

b) Releasing the red plug

c) An abdominal incision

d) Severance of the umbilical cord

Answer: A surgical incision to prevent tearing

Explanation: This procedure is an intentional cut in the perineum made to widen the vaginal opening during childbirth.

43. Select all risk factors associated with deep vein thrombosis-

a) Long time use for oral contraceptives

b) Type B and O blood

c) Rh negative blood

d) Nulliparity

Answer: Long time use for oral contraceptives

Explanation: Estrogen in oral contraceptives increases the blood's tendency to clot, raising the risk for DVT.

44. Which of these breath sounds is considered adventitious-

a) Vesicular breath sounds

b) Fine rales

c) Rhonchi

d) Wheeze

Answer: Vesicular breath sounds

Explanation: Vesicular sounds are normal breath sounds; rales, rhonchi, and wheezes are "adventitious" (abnormal) sounds.

45. Which types of burn leads to the greatest degree of pain-

a) A first degree burn

b) A second degree burn

c) A third degree burn

d) A fourth degree burn

Answer: A second degree burn

Explanation: Second-degree burns damage the nerves but leave them exposed and sensitive; third and fourth-degree burns often destroy the nerve endings, resulting in less immediate pain.

46. Babies should double their birth weight by the-

a) 5th-6th month

b) 34th month

c) 2.3 month

d) 1-22 month

Answer: 5th-6th month

Explanation: Rapid growth in infancy usually leads to doubling of weight by 6 months and tripling by 1 year.

47. Most water leaves the body by the way of the-

a) Lungs

b) Intestine

c) Skin

d) Kidneys

Answer: Kidneys

Explanation: The kidneys are the primary organs for regulating fluid and excreting waste through urine production.

48. A cavity containing pus surrounded by inflamed tissue is-

a) Cellulitis

b) An abscess

c) Extravasation

d) An adhesion

Answer: An abscess

Explanation: An abscess is a localized collection of pus caused by a bacterial infection.

49. Wilms' tumor is a form of-

a) Renal cancer

b) Liver cancer

c) Basal cell carcinoma

d) Brain cancer

Answer: Renal cancer

Explanation: Renal cancer

50. Opportunistic infection in HIV patient কোনটি?

a) Brain cancer

b) Tuberculosis

c) Wilm's sarcoma

d) Hypertension

Answer: Tuberculosis

Explanation: HIV রোগীর ইমিউনিটি কম থাকায় TB খুব common opportunistic infection।

51. Surgical asepsis কোন ক্ষেত্রে প্রয়োজন?

a) Central line medication

b) IM injection

c) Oral medication

d) Bed making

Answer: Central line medication

Explanation: Central line procedure sterile technique ছাড়া করলে infection risk বেশি।

52. Hyperthyroidism এর symptom কোনটি?

a) Constipation

b) Weight gain

c) Heat intolerance

d) Cold intolerance

Answer: Heat intolerance

Explanation: Hyperthyroidism এ metabolism বেড়ে যায় → heat intolerance হয়।

53. Nursing malpractice এর essential element কোনটি?

a) Intentional harm

b) Breach of duty

c) Good practice

d) Consent

Answer: Breach of duty

Explanation: Duty ভঙ্গ হলেই malpractice consider করা হয়।

54. Peptic ulcer এর complication কোনটি?

a) Hypertension

b) Perforation

c) Diabetes

d) Asthma

Answer: Perforation

Explanation: Ulcer untreated থাকলে perforation life-threatening হতে পারে।

55. School children এর common problem কোনটি?

a) Poliomyelitis

b) Stroke

c) Dental caries

d) Cancer

Answer: Dental caries

Explanation: শিশুদের মধ্যে oral hygiene কম থাকায় dental caries বেশি হয়।

56. Nurse এর fundamental responsibility কোনটি?

a) Promote health

b) Maintain seniority

c) Conduct exam

d) Record marks

Answer: Promote health

Explanation: Nurse এর প্রধান কাজ health promotion।

57. Fracture management এর principle কোনটি?

a) Amputation

b) Massage

c) Immobilization

d) Exercise immediately

Answer: Immobilization

Explanation: Bone healing এর জন্য immobilization জরুরি।

58. Oliguria এর cause কোনটি?

a) Renal failure

b) High fluid intake

c) Hypertension

d) Fever

Answer: Renal failure

Explanation: Kidney fail হলে urine output কমে যায়।

59. Droplet infection কিভাবে ছড়ায়?

a) Touch

b) Air only

c) Sneezing

d) Food

Answer: Sneezing

Explanation: Droplet infection coughing/sneezing এ ছড়ায়।

60. Heart disease risk factor কোনটি?

a) Exercise

b) Smoking

c) Healthy diet

d) Yoga

Answer: Smoking

Explanation: Smoking major cardiovascular risk factor।

61. Central tendency measure কোনটি?

a) Incidence

b) Mean

c) Ratio

d) Rate

Answer: Mean

Explanation: Mean, median, mode = central tendency।

62. Mentally healthy person এর characteristic কোনটি?

a) Poor adjustment

b) Isolation

c) Fear

d) Self respect

Answer: Self respect

Explanation: Self-esteem mental health এর গুরুত্বপূর্ণ indicator।

63. Placental separation এর sign কোনটি?

a) Soft uterus

b) Hard uterus

c) No bleeding

d) Small uterus

Answer: Hard uterus

Explanation: Placenta separate হলে uterus hard & round হয়।

64. Cervical cancer risk factor কোনটি?

a) Late marriage

b) Multiple partners

c) Exercise

d) Nutrition

Answer: Multiple partners

Explanation: HPV infection risk বাড়ায় → cervical cancer।

65. Febrile convulsion management drug কোনটি?

a) ORS

b) Diazepam

c) Antibiotic

d) Insulin

Answer: Diazepam

Explanation: Convulsion control এ diazepam use হয়।

66. Jaundice detect করার best site কোনটি?

a) Hair

b) Nail

c) Skin only

d) Sclera

Answer: Sclera

Explanation: Eye sclera তে jaundice সবচেয়ে আগে দেখা যায়।

67. Pre-eclampsia এর sign কোনটি?

a) Hypertension

b) Fever

c) Cough

d) Vomiting

Answer: Hypertension

Explanation: HTN + proteinuria = preeclampsia hallmark।

68. Maternal death এর leading cause কোনটি?

a) Anemia

b) Diabetes

c) PPH

d) Asthma

Answer: PPH

Explanation: PPH (Postpartum hemorrhage) 📝 Note: PPH maternal mortality এর main cause।

69. Partograph এ কোনটা থাকে?

a) BP only

b) Fetal heart rate

c) Temperature

d) Pulse

Answer: Fetal heart rate

Explanation: Labour monitoring এ FHR essential parameter।

70. Lumbar puncture এর indication কোনটি?

a) Meningitis

b) Gall stone

c) Hypertension

d) Diabetes

Answer: Meningitis

Explanation: CSF analysis এর জন্য lumbar puncture করা হয় → meningitis diagnosis।

71. Oral care neglect করলে কী হয়?

a) Diabetes

b) Hypertension

c) Good appetite

d) Gingivitis

Answer: Gingivitis

Explanation: Oral hygiene না থাকলে gum inflammation হয়।

72. Feco-oral route এ কোন virus ছড়ায়?

a) Hepatitis B

b) Hepatitis C

c) Hepatitis A

d) HIV

Answer: Hepatitis A

Explanation: Contaminated food/water → Hep A infection।

73. Nursing ethics এর principle কোনটি?

a) Anger

b) Fear

c) Courage

d) Justice

Answer: Justice

Explanation: Ethics এর মূল principles → autonomy, justice, veracity।

74. Research objective এর characteristic কোনটি?

a) Vague

b) Measurable

c) Illogical

d) Unrealistic

Answer: Measurable

Explanation: Objective SMART হতে হয় (Specific, Measurable, Achievable)।

75. Nursing leadership type কোনটি?

a) Democratic

b) Emotional

c) Biological

d) Physical

Answer: Democratic

Explanation: Democratic leadership = team participation বেশি।

76. Mentally ill patient এর treatment কোনটি?

a) Surgery

b) Chemotherapy

c) Psychotherapy

d) Dialysis

Answer: Psychotherapy

Explanation: Mental illness management এ psychotherapy গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।

77. Bangladesh এ common nutritional problem কোনটি?

a) Obesity

b) Cancer

c) Asthma

d) PEM

Answer: PEM

Explanation: Developing country তে malnutrition common।

78. Skeletal system এর function কোনটি?

a) Digestion

b) Support

c) Respiration

d) Circulation

Answer: Support

Explanation: Bone → support + protection + movement।

79. Human survival need কোনটি?

a) Oxygen

b) Money

c) Education

d) Culture

Answer: Oxygen

Explanation: Oxygen ছাড়া life সম্ভব না।

80. Unconsciousness এর cause কোনটি?

a) Muscle pain

b) Fever

c) Bradycardia

d) Cough

Answer: Bradycardia

Explanation: Heart rate কম হলে brain perfusion কমে → unconscious।

81. Community health nurse এর role কোনটি?

a) Treatment only

b) Pharmacist

c) Surgeon

d) Educator

Answer: Educator

Explanation: Health education community nursing এর core role।

82. Basic human tissue কোনটি?

a) Connective tissue

b) Bone tissue

c) Blood

d) Plasma

Answer: Connective tissue

Explanation: 4 types → epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous।

83. UTI এর common organism কোনটি?

a) Virus

b) E. coli

c) Fungus

d) Parasite

Answer: E. coli

Explanation: Most common UTI cause = E. coli।

84. Time management tool কোনটি?

a) Calendar

b) Injection

c) Medicine

d) Diet

Answer: Calendar

Explanation: Planning & scheduling এর জন্য calendar use হয়।

85. Aging process কে influence করে কোনটি?

a) Nutrition

b) Height

c) Color

d) Gender only

Answer: Nutrition

Explanation: Good nutrition → healthy aging।

86. Labour pain relief method কোনটি?

a) Running

b) Back massage

c) Jumping

d) Lifting weight

Answer: Back massage

Explanation: Non-pharmacological pain relief method।

87. Effective visual aid কোনটি?

a) Telephone

b) Radio

c) Poster

d) Sound

Answer: Poster

Explanation: Visual learning এ poster খুব effective।

88. Nurse-client relation এর barrier কোনটি?

a) Respect

b) Anxiety

c) Trust

d) Communication

Answer: Anxiety

Explanation: Anxiety communication block করে।

89. Pressure ulcer common site কোনটি?

a) Sacrum

b) Abdomen

c) Arm

d) Face

Answer: Sacrum

Explanation: Bony prominence → bedsore common।

90. Nursing process এর purpose কোনটি?

a) Entertainment

b) Gaming

c) Relaxation

d) Problem solving

Answer: Problem solving

Explanation: Nursing process = systematic problem-solving method।

91. Interview technique কোনটি?

a) Ignore patient

b) Greeting client

c) Shouting

d) Judgment

Answer: Greeting client

Explanation: Rapport build করতে greeting important।

92. Elderly public service কোনটি?

a) Transport

b) Food

c) Medicine

d) Money

Answer: Transport

Explanation: Elderly friendly transport দরকার।

93. Morphological anemia type কোনটি

a) Acute

b) Chronic

c) Macrocytic

d) Severe

Answer: Macrocytic

Explanation: RBC size এর উপর ভিত্তি করে classification।

94. Suicide risk factor কোনটি?

a) Happiness

b) Depression

c) Success

d) Wealth

Answer: Depression

Explanation: Depression → suicide risk high।

95. Level of prevention কোনটি?

a) Primary

b) Acute

c) Chronic

d) Severe

Answer: Primary

Explanation: Prevention levels = primary, secondary, tertiary।

96. Family basic need কোনটি?

a) Authority

b) Affection

c) Power

d) Status

Answer: Affection

Explanation: Emotional bonding essential।

97. Special sense organ কোনটি?

a) Teeth

b) Eye

c) Bone

d) Muscle

Answer: Eye

Explanation: Eye, ear, nose = special senses।

98. Acute renal failure cause কোনটি?